Lunar lava tubes on Earth? China completes underground moon simulation test area (video)

China has taken a new step in its long-term planning for lunar exploration with the completion of a “simulated moon underground space.”

Researchers have established a practice area in a volcanic lava cave in a forest region near Jingbo Lake in Mudanjiang City, located in the northeastern province of Heilongjiang. The move is in response to research suggesting that lava tube systems are present on the moon and Mars and could provide shielding from those worlds’ harsh radiation environments.

“The underground volcanic lava pipes by the Jingbo Lake are the most similar environment on Earth to the underground space of the moon. I hope our forward-looking research can serve China’s lunar exploration program,” Li Jiaqi, a researcher at Peking University, told China Central Television (CCTV).

Experimental robots are already being used to test conducting autonomous exploration and multi-functional operations in the simulated lunar environment.

“Compared with traditional lunar roving vehicles and exploration robots, it has stronger environmental adaptability and flexibility,” said Li Xianglong, a doctoral student from the Harbin Institute of Technology. “When exploring the underground space of the moon for the future, it can possess more precise perception, decision-making and operation capabilities.”

Students also set up seismometers in the area to serve as a reference for future lunar experiments. China’s Chang’e 7 mission to the lunar south pole, set to launch sometime in 2026, will carry a seismograph to study the moon’s interior and detect moonquakes, caused by tidal forces from Earth, and temperature changes affecting the lunar surface. China plans to establish an International Lunar Research Station (ILRS) in the 2030s.

Andrew is a freelance space journalist with a focus on reporting on China’s rapidly growing space sector. He began writing for Space.com in 2019 and writes for SpaceNews, IEEE Spectrum, National Geographic, Sky & Telescope, New Scientist and others. Andrew first caught the space bug when, as a youngster, he saw Voyager images of other worlds in our solar system for the first time. Away from space, Andrew enjoys trail running in the forests of Finland. You can follow him on Twitter @AJ_FI.